By the late 1990s, a militant delta youth organization began to coalesce in the form of the ijaw youth council iyc, which was officially established in 1999. Apr 16, 20 niger delta militants threaten retaliation over islamist attacks. This work however, would be investigating the challenges that brought about the resurgence of militancy in the niger delta and its. A guide to militant, exmilitant and activist groups in the niger delta. The militant groups are still agitating for a share. The niger delta region, nigerias oil belt has been the site of a generalized ethnic and regional. Niger delta of nigeria victor abaecheta akujuru a thesis submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the award of the degree of doctor of philosophy of the university of salford, school of the built environment.
He was arrested in 2005 and charged with treason kuku, 2012. Paki department of political science, niger delta university ndu, p. Most signs suggest a fresh crop of militants are likely to emerge within the next twelve months. Niger delta crises, the federal government recently introduced the policy of amnesty to militants as the solution to the niger delta crises. In order to address this fundamental obstacle to development in the region, in june 2009 thenpresident yaradua announced a policy of amnesty for any and all delta militants, to last from august 4, 2009, until october 4, 2009. These hoodlums are by no means the only groups that are latching on to the legitimate struggle for development in the niger delta.
Each militant was promised a payment of sixty five thousand naira n65,000 only monthly, payment of rent and vocational training. Jun 19, 2018 niger delta militants declare operation zero barrels on agip installations we are aware from our interactions with these people, that at any time from 00hrs on wednesday, june 20. The niger delta international association for energy economics. Security and stabilisation policy for the niger delta recommendations for the way forward by nextier advisory and stakeholder democracy network 2 the underlying causes of the conflict in the niger delta region are complex. These militant activities would negatively impact on the image and economy of nigeria. Nigeria begins amnesty for niger delta militants world. Delta militants calling themselves the movement for the emancipation of the niger delta start carrying out serious attacks against oil facilities. Before this period, however, the niger delta, like other ethnic groups was already in existence. In recognition of this fact, it is relevant to consider ex militants activities and its phenomenon which have bearing on the subject matter. Oil and violence in the niger delta isnt talked about. A nigerian newspaper and online version of the vanguard, a daily publication in nigeria covering nigeria news, niger delta. Niger delta volunteer force ndvf and ateke tom of the niger delta vigilantes, retaliated with violence.
It is however more widespread in the niger delta region. Panic in niger delta over militants threat to launch. Niger delta militants declare operation zero barrels on. Lastly, the resurgence of militancy in the niger delta area do not only pose threats to the region, but nigeria at large, considering the ongoing fall in the oil price and also the economic challenges in the country. Fresh recession looms over niger delta militants attacks. Checkmating the resurgence of youth militancy in the niger. Arise naija nigerians have short memory that is why we always run into trouble by repeating the same mistakes. In the niger delta, violence has been the bane of the region. Jun 14, 2017 striking selfassurance, a penchant for hyperbole and a working knowledge of latin these are the hallmarks of the latest group of militants to emerge in nigerias oilrich niger delta. Jan 20, 2016 arise naija nigerians have short memory that is why we always run into trouble by repeating the same mistakes. Nigerias restive niger delta region has stayed relatively calm for four years, but how stable is the peace. An amnesty offered to militants in the niger delta in 2009 was intended to end fighting, oil theft and other disruption in the region. If buhari wins, the niger delta will erupt into violence. Kidnapping in pre and postamnesty niger delta, nigeria.
Movement for the emancipation of the niger delta mend. The various ijaw based militant groups are doing the same thing for the attainment of. Niger delta emerge as a result of long years of neglect. Jun 10, 2017 in response to the octobe 1 ultimatum quit notice given to the igbo by coalition of northern youth groups the niger delta militants have also asked the northerners to leave their region before. Towards ending conflict and insecurity in the niger delta. It is a region made up of a number of ethnic nationalities mainly, ijaw, ekwere, ibo, efiks, mbembe, ejagham, yakurr, to mention a few. For more than a decade the niger delta was on fire, gen. Withdrawal of igbo quit notice and call to arrest nnamdi kanu laughable niger delta militants tells federal government, as they threatened to resume attack on oil facilities on september 10. Pdf on oct 8, 2017, abu edet and others published militancy and kidnapping in niger delta find, read and cite all the research you need on researchgate. After several years of relative security, militancy in the. Methods the study revisiting the peace building efforts in post conflict niger delta, nigeria is agreeable contemporary.
Nwogwugwu, ngozi, alao olatunji emmanuel and egwuonwu, clara abstract the niger delta region of nigeria, reputed to be one of the most richly endowed delta s in the world, contributes about 80% of nigerias national wealth. The study assessed the amnesty programme which is basically a disarmament, demobilization and reintegration ddr to the niger delta militants and effect on. Niger delta amnesty programme 2009 the disarmed militants were moved to designated collection points and camps in six niger delta states. However, the relative security brought about by the amnesty program has been eroded. There may be a connection between culture, amnesty program, and its implementation process in the niger delta region of nigeria. The niger delta conflict is premised on the laws regulating oil exploration and land ownership, which the niger delta militants believe must be abrogated as they do not represent their interests as the host communities nna and ibaba, 2011.
Niger delta militancy and the challenge of criminalising. Jun 04, 2016 panic in niger delta over militants threat to launch missiles editor jun 4, 2016 6. Pdf this study applies critical discourse analysis cda and corpus. The activities of militants in the niger delta region have significantly affected business life, create unemployment and devastated human lives in the niger delta region. Crisis in the niger delta 2 amnesty the one concrete action the federal government has taken is to introduce an amnesty for militants who turn in their weapons and commit to abandoning violence.
This study sets out to establish that the rising militancy in the niger delta area of. This was the state of things in the niger delta till umar. Northerners should leave niger delta before oct 1 militants. Niger delta militants, yesterday, described last week withdrawal of the october 1 quit notice ultimatum issued to the igbos residing in the. Understanding the armed groups of the niger delta final. Delta avengers nda and the niger delta greenland justice movement ndgjm. Update 3niger delta militants claim attack on nembe creek. Nigeria, militants, niger delta, collocates, concordance, the press.
The niger delta is home to about 140 different ethnic groups in the nine states included in a broader definition of the region. The niger delta militants and the various pro iafra groups seem to be leveraging the goodwill and relationships that were established between the people of the south. As at 17th of oct, reliable sources stated that the movement for the emancipation of the niger delta mend would resume its hostilities against the nigerian oil industry, the nigerian armed forces and its collaborators with effect from no time specified hours, friday, october 16, 2009, the groups spokesman, jomo gbomo, said in the statement. The oil industry in the niger delta is dominated by multinational corporations such as chevron. A niger delta militant group declares war on the nigerian navy. Understanding the context of oil violence in the niger delta of nigeria. This research work investigates the activities of the niger delta militants and how it affects the developmental strides of the nigerian economy. Of political science and public administration university of uyo, p. No one knows exactly how many people are involved in militant activity in the niger delta, but a. Causes of militants activities in the niger delta of nigeria the niger delta, nigerias oil belt, is home to much of the oil and gas reserves and the oil industry.
The migration of ex militants into niger delta politics the supreme vikings confraternity, neo black movement of africa, and the icelanders, among others, link powerful politicians, ex militants, and criminal gangs across the niger delta. Aug 29, 2016 getting the niger delta militants educated, employed and out of trouble and dealing with the oil companies with a more firmer hand will. Secession movements raise tensions in nigeria and cameroon. We use primary data with a target population of students, oil company workers, civil servants, public. New militant group threatens niger delta oil war in latin. Youth restiveness, militancy and the intractable problems of the niger delta by austin emaduku this lecture was delivered on october 1, 2016, as part of activities by the national association of. Jun 19, 2009 nigerian militants claim bomb attack on major oil pipeline. Feb, 2017 oil and violence in the niger delta isnt talked about much, but it has a global impact university of houston energy fellows contributor university of houston energy fellows. Those hopes havent been realized, and the fragile peace is. Conflict expert group baseline report, december 2003 wac global services executive summary the current climate of violence, insecurity and lawlessness in the. The new face of nigerdelta militancy vanguard news.
The reoccurrence of militant violence in nigerias niger delta shows that pap has not been able to achieve sustainable peace or security in the niger delta. Niger delta militants list key oil assets targeted for destruction niger delta militants list key oil assets targeted for destruction on january 25. The niger delta region is nigerias largest wetland, and the third largest. Based on interviews with a wide range of stakeholders, this report assesses the 2009 federal amnesty program for local militants, a central part of the nigerian governments security policy in the region. Apr 30, 2016 the joint task force in the niger delta had previously banned 200 hp outboard engines the propulsion of choice for the heavy speed boats of niger deltabased pirates and militants, and on 19 april the navy impounded 26 boats equipped with such engines in warri. The niger delta is the center of oil and gas production in nigeria, accounting for about 80% of total government revenue, 95% of foreign exchange and over 80% of national wealth tell, february 18, 2008. Mend also claimed to have attacked a chevron oil station in the niger delta region monday and threatened further attacks in other. Nigerian militants claim bomb attack on major oil pipeline. Niger delta annual onflict report january to december 2017 the niger delta peace and conflict landscape has undergone significant changes since 2009 when the federal government commenced a presidential amnesty program for ex militants in the region. The militants hailed the president for calling for niger delta militants to dialogue with the federal government during a visit to the christian.
A nigerian newspaper and online version of the vanguard, a daily publication in nigeria covering nigeria news, niger delta, general national news, politics, business, energy, sports. During the 2000s, militants in the niger delta region of nigeria decimated the countrys oil production and murdered pipeline workers. This implies niger delta as a region is older than nigeria. Organized crimes are taking root and terrorists may not be far from joining the fray. It involved granting of national and unconditional pardon to all armed militants in the niger delta region who in turn were to. Oil and violence in the niger delta isnt talked about much. Niger delta e merge as a result of long years of neglect. There were 349 drilling sites, 22 flow stations and one terminal in the early 1990s. The article attempts to unpick some of the motivations and dynamics at work.
The niger delta region, also referred to as the southsouth geopolitical zone is made up of six states akwa ibom, delta, bayelsa, cross river, edo, and rivers states. Urhobo tribe, which comprises the largest number of militants from the western niger delta region. Kidnapping in pre and postamnesty niger delta, nigeria owonikoko babajide saheed, phd centre for peace and security studies modibbo adama university of technology, yola, adamawa state abstract the phenomenon of kidnapping is on the increase on daily basis in nigeria. When a group of western oil workers was kidnapped in the niger delta in january 2006. Members of militant groups expressed a variety of reasons for joining. I dont believe that we need rocket science to make this prediction. This research work also provided some recommendations to help solve the problem of militancy in the niger delta region. Conflict in the niger delta united states institute of peace.
Republic of nigeria niger delta social and conflict analysis. Pdf militancy and kidnapping in niger delta researchgate. Understanding the armed groups of the niger delta council on. Located in the middle of the mangroves, approximately 20 minutes by boat from port harcourt, camp number 9 of the mend movement for the emancipation of the niger delta militants nearly could be mistaken for a tranquil fishermens village, were it not for the ma. Towards ending conflict and insecurity in the niger delta region. On 22 april the navy reiterated the ban of 200 hp engines. By victor ojakorotu and lysias dodd gilbert introduction violence has been defined by the world health organizations who world report on violence and health as. A generation of militant restive youth, deep political frustrations among oil producing communities, and preelectoral thuggery all combine to prosper in the rich. Militants and oil violence in the niger delta of nigeria. Revisiting the peacebuilding efforts in post conflict. The politics of conflict over oil in the niger delta region. Nov 11, 2017 as tension mounts in the niger delta over the move by militants to resume attacks on oil facilities, there is the fear that the country may soon relapse into recession. Niger delta attacks over the last three years 2210 warri, delta mend attack warri refinery 270314 forcados, delta the movement for the emancipation of the niger delta attacked shell forcados subc pipeline located in the western delta. Niger delta militants threaten retaliation over islamist attacks.
Rationalising on the coexistence of oil wealth and extreme poverty in the niger delta region of nigeria francis nwonwu 8. Nov 15, 2016 lagoslondon, nov 15 reuters nigerian militant group niger delta avengers nda said on tuesday it had attacked the nembe creek trunk line pipeline in the southern niger delta in a blow to the. The niger delta crisis and the roles of governmental. In 2001, the iyc incorporated an armed wing, known as the niger delta peoples volunteer force ndpvf, into what had been officially, at least a nonviolent civil organization. The niger delta militants disposition against the federal government of nigeria and the oil firms coupled with international pressures compelled the federal government to grant amnesty to the niger delta militants. D department of general studies afe babalola university, adoekiti pmb 5454, adoekiti ekiti state, nigeria abstract the position argued for in this paper is that the use of social welfare in tackling the pangs of poverty, engendered. Amnesty versus restorative justice foluke oluyemisi abimbola1 abstract the niger delta of nigeria is known for violence and conflicts as a result of opposition of militant groups to oil exploration activities concentrated in this area of nigeria. In this article palash kamruzzaman and ben tantua argue that the cognitive world of militants and militancy in the niger delta is embedded in a complex web of formal and informal interactions with political actors and military elites which give significance and sustenance to the conflict. Dec 28, 2016 militant groups declare truce in niger delta. The 2016 niger delta conflict is an ongoing conflict around the niger delta region of nigeria in a bid for the secession of the region, which was a part of the breakaway state of biafra. In 2004, asari dokubo declared an allout oil war against the nigerian state and oil companies operating in the region. Niger delta militants do not want independence, but simply a larger share of the regions oil revenue. The movement for the emancipation of the niger delta mend, the umbrella body of armed groups in nigerias oilrich niger.
Social welfare and the niger delta conflict temidayo david oladipo, ph. Niger delta militants have carried out series of preconceived and. Apr 01, 2010 forcing the wealth of the niger delta to run the north has unfortunately become the trend and reality to date but with the western and eastern states inclusive. Despite the existence of a sizeable theoretical and empirical literature, no firm. It follows onandoff conflict in the christiandominated southern niger delta in the preceding years, as well as an insurgency in the muslimdominated northeast. The current conflict in the niger delta first arose in the early 1990s over tensions between foreign oil corporations and a number of the niger delta s minority ethnic groups who feel they are being exploited, particularly the ogoni and the ijaw. The main objective of the niger delta social and conflict analysis ndsca is to increase the banks understanding of the social and conflict issues influencing development in the niger delta.
Movement for the emancipation of the niger delta wikipedia. Militant groups declare truce in niger delta the guardian. Militant oil agitations in nigerias niger delta and the economy mr. Oil and violence in the niger delta isnt talked about much, but it has a global impact university of houston energy fellows contributor university of houston energy fellows. Movement for the emancipation of the niger delta mend the movement for the emancipation of the niger delta mend is one of the most visible armed groups based in nigerias niger delta region. An amnesty deal by the nigerian government for militants in the niger delta aimed at reducing unrest in the oilrich region came into effect. The politics of oil in the niger delta emmanuel, j. Militancy, amnesty, and peacebuilding in nigerias niger delta 65 region. Niger delta militancy and the challenge of criminalising terrorism in nigeria isaac terwase sampson introduction with the high rate of militant activities in the niger delta, attacks on oil installations, kidnapping and other violent activities in the region, one wonders if we. The niger delta environment suddenly got bugged by acts of violence like pipeline vandalism and hostage taking kidnapping for ransom money dode, 2005.
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